Further-more, partisan attachments powerfully shape political perceptions, beliefs and values, and incumbents enjoy advantages well beyond the way in which their districts are configured. Thomas E. Mann advantageattachmentbelief Change image and share on social
Party and ideology routinely trump institutional interests and responsibilities. Regular order - the set of rules, norms and traditions designed to ensure a fair and transparent process - was the first casualty. The results: No serious deliberation. No meaningful oversight of the executive. A culture of corruption. Thomas E. Mann casualtyculturedeliberation share on social
But presidential approval also became a surrogate measure of national unity and patriotism. Thomas E. Mann approvalmeasurenational Change image and share on social
A healthy degree of party unity among Democrats and Republicans has deteriorated into bitter partisan warfare. Thomas E. Mann bitterdegreedemocrat Change image and share on social
Votes in federal elections are cast and counted in a highly decentralized and variable fashion, with no uniform ballots and few national standards. Thomas E. Mann ballotcastcount Change image and share on social
Private sector labors unions continue to suffer losses in their membership while public sector and service unions grow. Thomas E. Mann continuegrowlabor Change image and share on social
Responsibility for overseeing the implementation of election law typically resides with partisan officials, many with public stakes in the election outcome. Thomas E. Mann electionimplementationlaw Change image and share on social
The increase in straight-ticket party voting in recent years means that competitive congressional races can tip one way or the other depending on the showing of the candidates at the top of the ticket. Thomas E. Mann candidatecompetitivecongressional share on social
Partisanship particularly increased after the 1994 elections and then the appearance of the first unified Republican government since the 1950s. Thomas E. Mann 1950sappearanceelection Change image and share on social
In the House, Republican prospects have been buoyed by several successful rounds of redistricting, which have sharply reduced the number of competitive seats and given the Republicans a national advantage of at least a dozen seats. Thomas E. Mann advantagebuoycompetitive share on social