In the Roman commonwealth, even on the conversion of the monarchy into a republic, the old was as far as possible retained. Theodor Mommsen commonwealthconversionmonarchy Change image and share on social
During the most flourishing times of Sidon and Tyre, the land of the Phoenicians was a perpetual apple of contention between the powers that ruled on the Euphrates and on the Nile, and was subject sometimes to the Assyrians, sometimes to the Egyptians. Theodor Mommsen appleassyriancontention share on social
The Mediterranean Sea with its various branches, penetrating far into the great Continent, forms the largest gulf of the ocean, and, alternately narrowed by islands or projections of the land and expanding to considerable breadth, at once separates and connects the three divisions of the Old World. Theodor Mommsen alternatelybranchbreadth share on social
The order of things established by the Romans in Libya rested in substance on a balance of power between the Nomad kingdom of Massinissa and the city of Carthage. Theodor Mommsen balancecarthagecity Change image and share on social
The Dalmatian tribes and the Pannonians, at least of the region of the Save, for a short time obeyed the Roman governors; but they bore the new rule with an ever increasing grudge, above all on account of the taxes, to which they were unaccustomed, and which were relentlessly exacted. Theodor Mommsen accountbeardalmatian share on social
Sertorius was far from being strong enough to renew the gigantic enterprise of Hannibal. He was lost if he left Spain, where all his successes were bound up with the peculiarities of the country and the people; and even there, he was more and more compelled to renounce the offensive. Theodor Mommsen bindcompelcountry share on social
The battle of Varus is an enigma, not in a military but in a political point of view - not in its course, but in its consequences. Theodor Mommsen battleconsequenceenigma Change image and share on social
The ancient boundary of Italy on the north was not the Alps but the Apennines. Theodor Mommsen alpancientapennine Change image and share on social
An independent state does not pay too dear a price for its independence in accepting the sufferings of war when it cannot avoid them; a state which has lost its independence may find at least some compensation in the fact that its protector procures for it peace with its neighbours. Theodor Mommsen acceptavoidcompensation share on social
The history of Rome presents various men of greater genius than Scipio Aemilianus, but none equalling him in moral purity, in the utter absence of political selfishness, in generous love of his country, and none, perhaps, to whom destiny has assigned a more tragic part. Theodor Mommsen absenceaemilianusassign share on social